Basic programming languages for writing smart contracts & DApps

Each blockchain has its own set of languages, and each ecosystem has its leader. In this article, we will talk about the most basic programming languages for writing smart contracts. 1. Solidity Solidity is an object-oriented and statically-typed programming language that was designed to allow developers to create smart contracts. Solidity is designed based on existing programming languages like C++, Python, and JavaScript, so it uses similar language structures found in these languages, most likely to make it easy for developer adoption. Solidity, being the first smart contract programming language, has wide market adoption and is being used to build many decentralized applications. It was developed to write smart contracts on Ethereum, Solidity runs on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). The advantage of programming smart contracts with Solidity it’s Solidity doesn’t have a steep learning curve if you already know how to program with popular programming languages like Python, C++, and JavaScript, as most of its syntax was borrowed from these languages The disadvantage of programming smart contracts with solidity is that Solidity is a newer language, and even though the community has been helping with library development and its tools, there’s still so much to be done in the language that you’ll have to completely implement yourself Also, our developers use Hardhat. It’s a development environment to compile, deploy, test, and debug your Ethereum software. It helps developers manage and automate the recurring tasks that are inherent to the process of building smart contracts and dApps, as well as easily introducing more functionality around this workflow. Unit tests allow us to eliminate bugs, vulnerability, etc. 2. Rust Rust is a low-level statically-typed programming language that is fast and memory-efficient — in an industry where scalability is not negotiable. Rust is a relatively new programming language with enormous power while retaining simplicity, memory efficiency, reliability, and complexity combined. It contains some object-oriented features; you can create structs and data. But unlike other object-oriented languages, it does not exhibit inheritance. Rust’s compiler has a color-coded output and an even more detailed error output to help with debugging. In many cases, Rust shows the cause of an error and where to find it by highlighting relevant code, accompanied by an explanation. Also, in some cases, it provides a fix for the error. The advantage of programming smart contracts with Rust is a low-level programming language and is designed for efficiency, you can build decentralized applications with high throughput Our developers use the application software package from Solana. With the help of them, they test smart contracts, make it easier to integrate with the frontend part and make it easier to work with unit tests, namely, you can test from several sides of development and reduce the number of bugs on the Solana test validator. Also, they use Anchor. Anchor is a framework for Solana’s Sealevel runtime providing several convenient developer tools. Although the DSL syntax and semantics are targeted at Solana, the high-level flow of writing RPC request handlers, emitting an IDL, and generating clients from IDL is the same. The disadvantage of programming smart contracts with Rust, this is a new programming language with some new concepts. It might take some time to get used to working with it, especially if you are new to programming 3. Vyper Vyper is a contract-oriented Python-like programming language that targets the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). It has contract-specific features, such as event notifiers for listeners, custom global variables, and global constants. Vyper was built to address the security issues present in Solidity. It was developed to complement Solidity, not replace it. Vyper deliberately has fewer features than Solidity to make contracts more secure and easier to audit, and, as a result, it does not support modifiers, inheritance, inline assembly, function, and operator overloading, recursive calling, infinite-length loops, and binary fixed points. A striking advantage of Vyper is the ability to compute a precise upper limit for gas consumption related to a specific Vyper function call The disadvantage of Vyper is that it has limited support for pure functions, hence anything marked constant is not allowed to change state If you have seen or worked with Python code, then you’ll almost be able to write Vyper code. Conclusion Which programming language from the above list you should use is dependent on the blockchain you want to work on. For Ethereum blockchain, for example, Solidity is the top choice for most developers. Of course, we expect more conventional language support and more blockchain languages to come up, as it’s still an emerging space. Also, we are launching new admission rounds to the Crypton Factory in the direction of the Rust internship for the Solana blockchain. Hurry up, the number of places is limited. Contact us and let’s start working together on your projects! https://crypton.studio